effect of drought stress on growth and steviol glycosides content of stevia (stevia rebaudiana)
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abstract
to study the effect of soil moisture variation on growth and steviol glycosides contents in stevia (stevia rebaudiana b), a potexperiment based on a randomized complete design with four treatments and three replications were conducted in a greenhouse of agricultural biotechnology research institute of iran (central region, isfahan), in 2012. experimental treatments applied as a combination of visual symptom appearance in plant (normal to severe wilting) and soil moisture. so, treatments irrigated in 19.1, 15.1, 11.9 and 9.1% of soil moisture content (w/w) that are created in greenhouse situation with irrigation of 3, 6, 9 and 12 days interval, respectively. results showed that soil moisture reduction up to 9 days irrigation interval had no effect on plant height and leaf dry weight, but plant growth significantly reduced in 12 days irrigation period. maximum of harvest index obtained in 6 days irrigation period (51.36%). soil moisture reduction caused significant increment in stevioside and dulcoside a, but not affected the rebaudioside types (a, f and c). total steviol glycosides increased with the soil moisture reduction and plant grown with 3 days irrigation interval had minimum steviol glycosides. stevioside was highest in steviol glycosides in all treatments. plants grown under 6 days irrigation interval had the maximum of steviol sugar yield. totally, the results of this experiment showed that leaf dry weight decreased with decline of soil moisture content (below 11.9 w/w), but steviol glycosides content had significant increment. the highest of harvest index and steviol sugar yield were obtained in the 6 days irrigation interval. although, steviol glycosides content increased with the soil moisture reduction, it means that intensify of drought stress more than 6 days irrigation interval (reduction of soil moisture content below the 15.1 w/w) caused downfall of stevia yield due to significant reduction of leaf yield and steviol sugar yield in severity of drought stress.
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Journal title:
علوم گیاهان زراعی ایرانجلد ۴۴، شماره ۴، صفحات ۶۹۳-۷۰۲
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